空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)器（簡稱(cheng)空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)器）是(shi)以環(huan)境空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)作為冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)介質，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)高溫工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)流體(ti)(ti)的換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器，也稱(cheng)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)式換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器。管(guan)內的熱(re)(re)流體(ti)(ti)通(tong)過(guo)管(guan)壁和(he)翅片與(yu)管(guan)外空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)進行換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)，所用的空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)通(tong)常由通(tong)風(feng)機供給(gei)。空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)器可(ke)(ke)用于冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)或(huo)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)，廣(guang)泛應用于：煉(lian)油(you)(you)(you)、石(shi)油(you)(you)(you)化工(gong)(gong)(gong)塔(ta)頂蒸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)的冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)；回流油(you)(you)(you)、塔(ta)底油(you)(you)(you)的冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)；各(ge)種反應生成物(wu)的冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)；循環(huan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)的冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)和(he)電(dian)站汽輪機排氣(qi)(qi)(qi)的冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)作壓力可(ke)(ke)達69MPa。但(dan)耗(hao)電(dian)量、噪聲和(he)占地面積均大，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)效果受氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候變化影響較大。空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)器標準(zhun)主(zhu)要有API 661《煉(lian)油(you)(you)(you)廠用通(tong)用空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器》、ISO 13706《石(shi)油(you)(you)(you)、石(shi)化和(he)天然(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業風(feng)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)式換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器》、GB／T 15386《空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)式換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器》等。
1. 空氣冷卻器(qi)的結構
空氣冷卻器主要(yao)由管束、通風機、構架及(ji)百(bai)葉(xie)窗等組成，如圖7.12所示(shi)。
空(kong)氣冷卻器(qi)管(guan)束包括傳(chuan)熱(re)管(guan)、管(guan)箱、側梁(liang)和橫梁(liang)等。它可按(an)臥式(shi)、立式(shi)和斜頂式(shi)（人(ren)字式(shi)）3種基本形式(shi)布置(zhi)，見圖7.13。其中(zhong)，臥式(shi)布置(zhi)傳(chuan)熱(re)面(mian)積大，空(kong)氣分布均勻(yun)，傳(chuan)熱(re)效(xiao)果好(hao)；斜頂式(shi)布置(zhi)時，通(tong)風機安裝在(zai)人(ren)字中(zhong)央空(kong)間，占地面(mian)積小，結構緊湊。為抵(di)消空(kong)氣側的(de)(de)給(gei)熱(re)系數較(jiao)低的(de)(de)影響，通(tong)常采(cai)用(yong)光管(guan)外壁裝翅片(pian)的(de)(de)管(guan)子。
2. 空冷(leng)器的(de)分類
①. 按空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)管束布置形(xing)式(shi)分(fen)類：水平式(shi)全冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)；斜頂式(shi)空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)；立式(shi)空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)；圓環式(shi)空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。
②. 按空冷(leng)器通風(feng)方(fang)式(shi)分類(lei)：自然通風(feng)式(shi)全冷(leng)器；鼓風(feng)式(shi)空冷(leng)器；引風(feng)式(shi)空冷(leng)器。
③. 按空冷(leng)器冷(leng)卻(que)方式(shi)分(fen)類：干(gan)(gan)式(shi)全冷(leng)器：濕(shi)式(shi)空冷(leng)器；干(gan)(gan)濕(shi)聯合空冷(leng)器；兩側噴淋聯合空冷(leng)器。
④. 按空冷(leng)器風量控制方(fang)式分類(lei)：百葉窗調節式全冷(leng)器；可變(bian)角(jiao)調節式空冷(leng)器；電動機調速式空冷(leng)器。
圖(tu)(tu)7.14所示(shi)為不同類型空(kong)冷(leng)器示(shi)意圖(tu)(tu)。
3. 空冷器的優點(dian)與(yu)缺(que)點(dian)
