用管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)送原油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、成品(pin)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)和(he)液化石油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)氣的建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)程。一般包括輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)、輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)及輔助設(she)(she)施(shi)等工(gong)程內容。輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)系統(tong)是(shi)(shi)各(ge)類型輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)及有關設(she)(she)施(shi)的統(tong)稱。輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)工(gong)程中各(ge)類工(gong)藝站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場(chang)的統(tong)稱。首站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)的起點站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。中間站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)首站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)末(mo)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)之間設(she)(she)有的各(ge)類站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場(chang)的統(tong)稱。分輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)沿線，為分輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)品(pin)至用戶(hu)而設(she)(she)置的站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場(chang)。中間加(jia)(jia)熱站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)首站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)末(mo)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)之間以加(jia)(jia)熱設(she)(she)施(shi)為主的輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。末(mo)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)的終點站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。

（1）輸(shu)(shu)油(you)管道工程設計(ji)(ji)計(ji)(ji)算輸(shu)(shu)油(you)量(liang)時，年(nian)工作(zuo)(zuo)天數應(ying)按350天計(ji)(ji)算。應(ying)按設計(ji)(ji)委托書(shu)或(huo)設計(ji)(ji)合同(tong)規定的輸(shu)(shu)量(liang)（年(nian)輸(shu)(shu)量(liang)、月輸(shu)(shu)量(liang)、日輸(shu)(shu)量(liang)）作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)設計(ji)(ji)輸(shu)(shu)量(liang)。設計(ji)(ji)最小輸(shu)(shu)量(liang)應(ying)符(fu)合經(jing)濟及安全輸(shu)(shu)送條件。

（2）輸(shu)油(you)管(guan)道設計宜(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)密閉輸(shu)送工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。若采(cai)(cai)用(yong)其他輸(shu)送工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)，應進(jin)行技術(shu)(shu)經濟論證，并說明(ming)其可行性。當管(guan)輸(shu)多種油(you)品時，宜(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)順序輸(shu)送工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。若采(cai)(cai)用(yong)專(zhuan)管(guan)專(zhuan)用(yong)輸(shu)送工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)，應進(jin)行技術(shu)(shu)經濟論證。

（3）輸(shu)油管道(dao)系統輸(shu)送工藝(yi)方案應依據設(she)計內壓力(li)、管道(dao)管型及鋼種等級、管徑、壁厚、輸(shu)送方式、輸(shu)油站數、順(shun)序(xu)輸(shu)送油品(pin)批(pi)次(ci)等，以多個組合(he)方案進行比選，確定(ding)最佳輸(shu)油工藝(yi)方案。

（4）管輸(shu)原油質(zhi)量應符(fu)合(he)國(guo)家現行標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)SY/T 7513的規定(ding)；管輸(shu)液態液化石(shi)油氣(qi)的質(zhi)量應符(fu)合(he)現行國(guo)家標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)GB 9052.1或GB11174的規定(ding)；管輸(shu)其他成品油質(zhi)量應符(fu)合(he)國(guo)家現行產品標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。

（5）輸(shu)油(you)管道(dao)系統輸(shu)送工藝(yi)總流程圖應(ying)標注(zhu)(zhu)首站(zhan)、中間(jian)站(zhan)、末(mo)站(zhan)的(de)輸(shu)油(you)量，進出站(zhan)壓力及(ji)油(you)溫等主要工藝(yi)參數(shu)。并注(zhu)(zhu)明線(xian)路截斷閥(fa)、大型穿跨越、各站(zhan)間(jian)及(ji)里程、高程（注(zhu)(zhu)明是否有翻(fan)越點）。

（6）輸(shu)油管(guan)(guan)道(dao)系統輸(shu)送(song)工(gong)藝設計(ji)應包括水力和熱力計(ji)算，并進行(xing)穩態和瞬(shun)態水力分析，提(ti)出輸(shu)油管(guan)(guan)道(dao)在密閉(bi)輸(shu)送(song)中(zhong)瞬(shun)變流動過(guo)程的控制方法。

（7）輸油(you)管道的(de)設計應符(fu)合現(xian)(xian)行(xing)國家標準(zhun)GB50253的(de)規定，其穿跨越工(gong)程設計應符(fu)合國家現(xian)(xian)行(xing)標準(zhun) SY/T 0015.1 SY/T 0015.2的(de)有關規定。

（8）原油(you)(you)(you)管道、成品油(you)(you)(you)管道和液(ye)態液(ye)化(hua)石油(you)(you)(you)氣（LPG）管道系統輸送(song)工藝的(de)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)及成品．油(you)(you)(you)順序輸送(song)混(hun)油(you)(you)(you)段(duan)長度計(ji)(ji)算(suan)應按現行(xing)國(guo)家標準(zhun)GB 50253有關規(gui)定計(ji)(ji)算(suan)。埋(mai)地的(de)原油輸(shu)送管道的(de)沿線溫降應按現行(xing)國家標準GB 50253有關(guan)規定計算。

（9）原油管道輸送要(yao)求：

      根據(ju)被輸送原油的物理化學性(xing)質及其(qi)流變性(xing)，通過優化比選(xuan)，選(xuan)擇(ze)最(zui)佳輸送方式；

      加熱(re)輸送(song)的埋地原油管(guan)道(dao)，優選加熱(re)溫度(du)；管(guan)道(dao)是否需保溫，進行管(guan)道(dao)保溫與不保溫的技術經濟比較(jiao)，確定合理方案。

（10）成品(pin)油管道輸送要求：

      按設(she)計(ji)委托書或設(she)計(ji)合同規定的成品(pin)油(you)輸(shu)(shu)量、品(pin)種與各品(pin)種的比例，以及(ji)分輸(shu)(shu)、輸(shu)(shu)入數量，進行成品(pin)油(you)管道系(xi)統輸(shu)(shu)送工藝(yi)設(she)計(ji)；

      輸(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)多品種(zhong)成(cheng)品油(you)時(shi)，宜(yi)采用單管順序輸(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)。油(you)品批(pi)量輸(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)的(de)排(pai)(pai)列順序，將油(you)品性(xing)質相近的(de)緊鄰排(pai)(pai)列；

      成品油(you)順序輸(shu)送(song)管(guan)道，在輸(shu)油(you)站間不宜設(she)置副管(guan)；

      在順序輸(shu)送(song)高黏(nian)度成品油（如重油）時宜使(shi)用隔離裝置(zhi)；

      多品種成品油(you)順序輸送(song)管道，采(cai)用連續輸送(song)方式；當采(cai)用間歇輸送(song)時，應采(cai)取措施以減少混油(you)量；

      采用(yong)旁接油(you)(you)罐輸送(song)工藝，當(dang)多種(zhong)油(you)(you)品順序輸送(song)混油(you)(you)界面通(tong)過泵(beng)站時(shi)，應切換成泵(beng)到泵(beng)輸送(song)工藝；

      根(gen)據油罐區(qu)的建設和營運費用與(yu)混油貶(bian)值造成(cheng)的費用損失兩個方面進行(xing)綜(zong)合(he)比較后，確定(ding)最佳循環次數。

（11）液態液化石油氣（LPG）管道(dao)輸送(song)要求：

      按設計委托書或(huo)設計合同規(gui)定的(de)液(ye)(ye)態液(ye)(ye)化石(shi)油氣輸量、組(zu)分(fen)與(yu)各組(zu)分(fen)的(de)比例，進行液(ye)(ye)態液(ye)(ye)化石(shi)油氣管道系統輸送工藝設計；

      液(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)液(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)石油(you)(you)氣(qi)(qi)在管道(dao)中輸(shu)送(song)時，沿線任(ren)何一點的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)都必須高(gao)于輸(shu)送(song)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度下液(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)石油(you)(you)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)飽和蒸氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)。沿線各中間站的(de)(de)進(jin)站壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)應(ying)比同(tong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度下液(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)石油(you)(you)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)飽和蒸氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)高(gao)1.0MPa，末站進(jin)儲罐前(qian)的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)應(ying)比同(tong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度下液(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)石油(you)(you)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)飽和蒸氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)高(gao)0.5MPa。

      液態液化石油氣在管(guan)道內(nei)的(de)平(ping)均流速(su)，應經技術經濟比(bi)較后確定，但(dan)要(yao)注意因管(guan)內(nei)摩阻(zu)升溫而需另行冷卻的(de)能(neng)耗，可取0.8～1.4m/s，但(dan)最大不應超過3m/s。